LUNA NOVA OBSCURA
2025-11-20 09:30 - 13:00 (Europe/Zurich)
Once a month, at the time of the new moon, the Spa’s wellness area offers quiet, introspective mornings: a suspended moment when we withdraw from the external tumult to reconnect with ourselves. The new moon invites us to take a break and relearn how to listen to silence…
Aufguss ceremonies take place during the morning. This practice of Northern European origin, associated with Finnish and Germanic saunas, consists of an “infusion” of steam flavored with essential oils to increase humidity levels. This purifying collective ritual is designed to intensify the benefits of the sauna through an immersive multisensory experience: intense heat, aromatic scents, sometimes music, for a deep sense of letting go and complete rejuvenation.

Apéro Poétique
2025-11-22 11:00 - 12:00
Stéphane Blok’s reading
Balade avec les esprits, published by Bernard Campiche.
Spirit or spirits

Whatever
The earth is strewn
From what was
And already haunted
Because it will be

Lanterns to remember
2025-11-30 17:00 - 18:30
A moving moment. Launching of lanterns for each feminicide during the year.
Too many, far too many. 25 to date!
The ceremony will be attended by Nathalie Fontanet, State Councillor in charge of the Department of Finance, Human Resources and External Affairs, Alfonso Gomez, Mayor of the City of Geneva in charge of the Department of Finance, Environment and Housing, and the Director of UN Women Geneva.
Event organized by the two Soroptimist International clubs of Geneva and Club Zonta International du Grand Genève.

Christmas in December
2025-12-01 - 2026-01-04
Every evening, from December 1 to 23 at 7:00 pm, we open the door of an Advent cabin to discover the world of an artist on the theme “Sauvage”, in a festive musical atmosphere, accompanied by mulled wine and fondue. The cabins remain on display until mid-January.
At 8:00 pm, Les Bains presents 25 shows under the yurt: music, cabaret, storytelling, clown shows, performances… there’s something for all tastes and ages. And because December isn’t enough, we’re extending the shows to January 4!
– See the full Christmas program in December –

Conte un Jean
2025-12-03 20:00 - 21:30
From the Big Bang to Big Data, via Big pharma, Neanderthal and his genes, science and Cern, Fomme and the future of Sapiens, a rat who recounts his escapade, Conte un Jean is a little of all this in one hour on stage.

Written and performed by Steven Matthews. Lighting by Cécilia Olivieri.

Poetic aperitif
2025-12-06 11:00 - 12:00
Martine Ruchat, accompanied by Lorette Andersen.
An exchange of letters between Romain Rolland and Helena de Kay, the source of Martine Ruchat’s story Sensations océaniques, published by Encre Fraîche, read by the author and storyteller Lorette Andersen.

A researcher and university lecturer in the history of education, Martine Ruchat has also published biographical accounts since 2008, including Marc Solon, enfant placé, voleur de métier (Marc Solon, a foster child and thief by trade ), published by Antipodes, which was the subject of a Solon comic strip by Elisabeth Voyame in 2021. He was followed by La passions selon Charles-Henri Rapin, also published by Antipodes, Edouard Claparède. The purpose of education . Then, Élisabeth H. Une femme comme les autres (Slatkine) and Sensations océaniques en 2024 (Encre Fraîche). She edited No. 25 of the Revue d’histoire de l’enfance (now L’Irrégulière), “Professionnelles de l’enfance. Portraits croisés” in 2023, published by Anamosa, Paris.

Lorette Andersen, a Franco-Swiss storyteller, has practiced́ various trades: ethnologist, actress, worker, teacher of French for foreigners, early childhood educator, schoolteacher, writing workshop leader. All the threads of her diverse career paths have helped her weave her storytelling word. Eclectic by taste, she is as interested in contemporary legend as she is in marvellous tales or stories from faraway lands. Her first repertoire was the tales of French-speaking Switzerland.
A professional storyteller since 1993, she divides her time between performances and training courses in the art of storytelling and writing. She performs in theaters, cultural centers, libraries, hospitals and schools.

Escalade Jass Tournament
2025-12-13 08:00 - 15:00
Friendly “Disguised” Escalade jass tournament. Registration from 7.30 a.m., tournament starts at 8 a.m. Entry fee CHF 10 per person. Choose a team name, your best disguise and off you go! There will be a prize for the team with the best disguise!
Matches will go up to 1500, ads will be counted / double spade. Aperitifs, fondues and marmite sharing will be on the menu! Cool prizes for first-timers. We look forward to seeing you there!

Apéro Poétique
2025-12-13 11:00 - 12:00
Reading by Albert Anor
I was born in Barcelona in 1955 (Sagittarius) and am a deliberate poetry dilettante. I taught visual arts in Geneva for four decades. Married with two grown-up children… I started writing poetry after devouring Antonin Artaud’s work at the age of 17. I share with the Surrealists the precept written by André Breton: ” Transform the world, said Marx. Change life, said Rimbaud. For us, these two watchwords are one and the same. “But I don’t recognize any ancestors when it comes to revolt. In my texts, I strive to deconstruct preconceptions in an attempt to create new images, or to disguise them to such an extent that they seem to give rise to a language that is paradoxical in that it is “new” and yet specific to us all, since it comes close to our weak inner selves.
The aim of this Apéro-poétique program is to present a limited selection of poems written over a period spanning almost fifty years. It is impossible to retrace the full extent of the texts written here, as it is the nature of an “anthology” to make more or less arbitrary choices, always subjective and subject to regret.
While being burns on the other side of thought, on the other side of words and silences.
To risk making known a sensitive opposition to an already too nauseating zeitgeist. Another epic way of remembering myself for others.
To date, I have published five collections of poetry(Pièges à convictions 2001; Le Chaos en devenir 2002; Éclats d’usure 2009; Pas pressé 2015; Ouvert pour inventaire 2018).
I have also initiated and co-created collective works: Le Poisson fumée montre son nez, Cercle des Parfumeurs, Geneva 2006; Limites hors-limites, Boîte poétique, 2019-2022, donated to the Bibliothèque d’Art et d’Archéologie de Genève (May 25, 2022); Heureusement que l’on va vers l’été, experimental text in collaboration with 24 other creators (2022-25).
In progress: Fragments du labyrinthe no.1 and Sourire salle d’attente.
Other cultural achievements: participation in the organization of Poésie en ville in September 2024, organization of a disrespectful commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Surrealism (October 3-27, 2024), readings at Printemps de la poésie since 2020 with Poètes de la Cité and co-organization of Apéros poétiques at Bains de Pâquis since 2024.

Exceptional closing on Wednesday December 24 and 31 at 6 p.m.
2025-12-24 - 2026-01-05
Exceptional closing on Wednesday December 24 and 31 at 6pm.
Last admission at 5 p.m.

WARNING!
2025-12-24 08:00 - 20:00

Poetic aperitif
2026-01-10 11:00 - 12:00
Reading by Huguette Junod
Huguette Junod will read love poems from fifteen of her collections, 2015-2025: 50 years of poetry.
Love is much needed in these sad times…

Huguette Junod, born in Geneva, has been writing and publishing since the age of twelve. With a degree in literature, she taught French and literature at Geneva high school from 1968 to 2001, and has been running writing workshops since 1987.
Passionate about Greece, the poet interprets Greek myths by putting herself in the place of the heroines. Huguette Junod won the Prix des Ecrivains Genevois for Ceci n’est pas un livre and Le Choix de Médée.

Poetic aperitif
2026-01-24 11:00 - 12:00
Reading by Caroline Despont, accompanied by Loussona Ground

Caroline Despont, poetess of intimacy and movement, explores landscapes
with a sensual, sober, vibrant language. She writes as one
walks on a ridge: on the edge of the visible and the invisible, between flesh and silence.
Her words are born of listening to the world, to the elements, to beings.
Through readings, performances and encounters with music and voice, she
offers words that invite us to feel, to connect, to open up, to understand.
Based in French-speaking Switzerland, her texts have been published in several collections
and magazines in Europe and Africa.
Her latest collection La Femme qui attendait la pluie (Tarmac Éditions, France) has
received the FETKANN Literary Prize! Maryse Condé 2025 – Poetry.
The text Errances inspires the harp and electronic duo AVELUNE in their album
Errer, a voluptuous, nuanced sonic journey (2024, Claves Records, CH).
She collaborates with Loussona Ground, sound designer & out of genre musician, who
dresses his words in dreamy notes, creating a unique universe in the image of
their respective approaches, on the edge of the visible and the invisible.
Their laboratory found its first setting in February 2025 at the Public Readings.
La Galerie in Geneva, with a reading of previously unpublished extracts from La Femme qui attendait
the rain.

Loussona Ground explores the introspective world through hypnotic textures and layers of sound, creating a dreamlike abundance.
Her performances combine tape, ribbon and semi-modular synthesizers. She combines electronics with music boxes, for which she writes conceptual scores.
Her musical journey began in 1975 with the classical violin, which she quickly brought to life with the discovery of microcontact and effect filters. From her classical days, Loussona Ground has retained an immoderate love of JS Bach, which she takes to new heights in her current sets.
His music is compared with the Ambient and Experimental movements of the 70′-80′.
Loussona Ground has recently given several concerts at Festivals and also likes to do happenings in unexpected places with a minimalist set.
She has collaborated with Swiss artists such as Consor, Sam Frank Blunier and Claudia Renna, and with the Collectif I+, of which she was the violinist.
Among her many projects, she is currently working with Caroline Despont, adding a particular sound dimension to the poet’s words, an invitation to a unique sensory journey, on the edge of the visible and the invisible, in the image of their respective artistic approaches. Their laboratory found its first setting in February 2025 with a reading of previously unpublished extracts from the collection “La Femme qui attendait la pluie” at the Lectures Publiques de La Galerie in Geneva.

Clown show
2026-01-24 20:00 - 21:00
“Par le Boudu”
Solo clown by Bonaventure Gacon
His heart’s a bit sore, he’s had too much to drink… probably the liver, the little beers or maybe the heart itself, his poor ogre’s heart, or maybe it’s that damn rust that inexorably acts on everything, on stoves, hearts and so on… Anyway, you’ve got to get back to work, go and see the good little boys and girls, sip a few drinks, watch the sunsets, have a little gueuletons and then be mean as best you can. You’ve got to live…
For adults and children aged 12 and over

Cold water swimming lessons
2026-01-26 12:30 - 13:30 | On the pier
Would you like to start cold water swimming and join a movement of several hundred people who swim all winter at the Bains? Would you like to enjoy the many benefits of cold water swimming (immune defenses, mental well-being, etc.)?
From September 1, Les Bains will be offering classes every Monday between 12:30 and 1:30 pm in groups of up to 8, to give you all the keys you need to get started.
This course is designed for intermediate and advanced swimmers (we don’t teach you how to swim during the course).
Registration at the Rotonde des Bains, CHF 10 per course.

Poetic aperitif
2026-02-07 11:00 - 12:00
Suzan Samanci reading
Suzan Samancı was born in Diyarbakır, Kurdistan, and published her first poems in the magazine “Sanat Olayı” in 1985.
She was a columnist for the newspapers Demokrasi, Gündem, Özgür Politika and Taraf from 1995 to 2011. She has also written political articles on art, aesthetics, women’s rights and the Kurdish question. Her first book of stories “Eriyip Gidiyor Gece” was published in 1991 under her own steam. She made her real debut with her storybook “Resin Smelled Hêlîn”. Her stories and novels have been published by Turkey’s leading publishing houses. Her stories have been translated into German, Spanish, Italian, Flemish, Swedish, French and Kurdish, and have been included in anthologies in English and Japanese.
As the language of her school and education was Turkish, for a long time she wrote almost exclusively in Turkish, the official language. Since 2015, she has been writing novels and stories in her mother tongue, Kurdish. In 1997, at the Orhan Kemal Literature Prize competition with her storybook “Kıraç Dağlar Kar Tuttu” (Kıraç Dağlar Kar Tuttu: Kıraç Dağlar Kar Tuttu), she was awarded first prize, but after a controversy, she was awarded second prize. After this incident, she decided not to take part in any further competitions.
Suzan Samancı has published books of literary analysis of her stories and novels.
While she is convinced that literature and art will heal and cleanse the polluted world, she also believes that without art and aesthetic awareness, human beings cannot achieve true freedom.

Spa closed February 9 and 10
2026-02-09 - 2026-02-10
Please note that the Baths will be exceptionally closed (and inaccessible) on Monday February 9 and Tuesday February 10 for the installation of the new gates.
It will therefore not be possible to eat, swim or enjoy the winter facilities during these two days!

Clown show: Par le Boudou
2026-02-14 20:00 - 21:00 | Yurt
Solo clown by Bonaventure Gacon
About the show :
His heart’s a bit sore, he’s had too much to drink… probably the liver, the little beers or maybe the heart itself, his poor ogre’s heart, or maybe it’s that damn rust that inexorably acts on everything, on stoves, hearts and so on… Anyway, you’ve got to get back to work, go and see the good little boys and girls, sip a few drinks, watch the sunsets, have a little gueuletons and then be mean as best you can. You’ve got to live…
For adults and children aged 12 and over

Come and sit down
2026-02-19 15:30 - 18:30 | On the pier
Viens t’assis, je t’écoute returns to the Bains des Pâquis for the 2026 season.
Come and sit down with a stranger, talk about your dreams or your gripes, talk about the weather…
Our volunteers will be delighted to offer you a confidential, caring and free listening service!
Looking forward to seeing you again!
Upcoming dates, from 3:30 to 6:30 p.m. :

Thursday, April 16
Tuesday, April 28
Tuesday, May 12
Thursday, May 28
Sunday, June 28
Sunday, July 26th
Sunday, August 9th
Sunday, September 27
Sunday, October 11th

https://www.jetecoute.org/geneve

Poetic aperitif
2026-02-21 11:00 - 12:00
Reading by Nathalie Piegay
Nathalie Piégay is a French teacher and literary critic born in Lyon in 1965. A specialist in modern and contemporary French literature, she is also a well-known author of numerous works of fiction.

Poetic aperitif
2026-03-07 11:00 - 12:00
Reading by Pascal Normann
Pascal Nordmann
Capture the information. Grab the thread, then rewind. 2023, 2022, 2021, the years go by with their share of anguish, havoc, disaster and anguish… from one end of the planet to the other. What if all the world’s media and newspapers suddenly began to present this reality, which is losing its meaning, bomb after bomb, in its poetic guise?
In the author’s own words, the Fil info can first and foremost serve as a return to the past. The events mentioned come from our most concrete reality, and each of us still remembers this or that event that made the headlines, before falling back into obscurity just as quickly. Le Fil info responds to this by offering a series of dated, daily prose poems that take these anecdotes and turn them on their head. They offer a way of traveling back in time, questioning what was, at the time, our preoccupying current affairs with humor, shift and irony.
Fil info is a constant poetic experience…
Pascal Nordmann, Swiss writer, visual artist and theatre-maker, will be on hand to read a selection of these texts, published by Les Carnets du Dessert de Lune in June 2025.

Attention Small Sauna out of order
2026-03-10 08:00 - 2026-04-01 09:00
Due to a technical problem, the small sauna is out of service until Tuesday, March 31. Reopening April 1 at 9 a.m. hours.
Limited seating.
Thank you for your understanding.

Exhibition: Des glaciers aux Bains des Pâquis
2026-03-12 17:30 - 19:00 | On the pier
“From the glaciers to the Bains des Pâquis”: the water of Lake Geneva, a precious asset to be protected
As part of Mr. Alfonso Gomez’s year as mayor, the City of Geneva, in partnership with the Maison de la Rivière, is honoring Lake Geneva and its biodiversity with an open-air exhibition. The images taken by photographer Michel Roggo plunge the public into the fascinating world of the lake. Water shapes territories, creates surprising aquatic landscapes and becomes an essential habitat for plants and animals. Lake Geneva is an essential, but often little-known, reservoir of nature in the Geneva region. This exhibition reveals an unseen universe where primordial biological balances are at play.
“Des glaciers aux Bains des Pâquis”, open-air exhibition at the Bains des Pâquis from March 12 to April 15, 2026

Concert: Aï Quartet
2026-03-13 20:00 - 21:30 | Yurt
Agnès sings and saws, Françoise plays accordion, Jean-Elie plays electric guitar and banjo, and Dom plays baritone saxophone. This group is in fact a “side project” of Les Canards des Cropettes, since we’re all part of it! Our repertoire is made up of covers from the last century, from “Nessuno” to “Canzione Arrabiata”, including “Sous aucun prétexte”, “Perfect Day” and “Boulevard of Broken Dreams”. The result is a nostalgic flavour that has been brought up to date, and the joy of revisiting these songs and playing them together.
Concert under the yurt, free admission.

Philo aux Bains: How to respond to the violence of capitalism? with Nicolas Framont
2026-03-15 10:00 - 11:30 | Yurt
How do we respond to the violence of capitalism? And what happens when this violence is no longer merely structural, but provokes irreversible action?
For this Philo aux Bains event, we welcome Nicolas Framont, sociologist and editor-in-chief of Frustration magazine, for a discussion based on two of his books: Parasites and Saint-Luigi: comment répondre à la violence du capitalisme.
In Parasites, Nicolas Framont dismantles a well-honed ideological mechanism: that of designating certain populations as “welfare recipients”, “profiteers” or “burdens” on society. Against this rhetoric, he asks a simple, incisive question: who is really living off whom? Through a sociological and political analysis, he shows how the accusation of parasitism serves to mask the true relations of exploitation and protect the interests of the dominant classes.
With Saint-Luigi, he takes a different approach, more directly rooted in a tragic news item: the murder of Brian Thomson by Luigi Mangione. Based on this event, Nicolas Framont proposes a reflection on political and social violence. What does such an act say about the times in which we live? How can we understand how an individual could commit such an irreparable act in the name of denouncing capitalism? And above all: how can we respond to systemic violence without tipping ourselves into a logic of destruction?
As always at Philo aux Bains, this meeting is intended as a space for collective reflection, taking the time to consider the tensions of our times – and the possible paths towards greater justice.
The meeting takes place as part of the FIFDH.
Under the yurt, free admission.

Poetic aperitif
2026-03-21 11:00 - 12:00
Reading by Patrick Brunet
Actor, director, drama teacher.
Patrick Brunet is also a writer, for plays, short stories and novels.

Clown improv
2026-03-26 19:30 - 21:00
“Four unpredictable clowns, a charismatic master of ceremonies, and a shower of inspiration: this is the explosive alchemy that will set this new improv clown evening in the yurt alight. Get ready for an avalanche of brilliant nonsense and bursts of laughter, punctuated with poetic sparkles. Come and immerse yourself in clowning on Thursday, March 26 at 7:30 p.m. at the Yourte des Bains!”Cie TAKE CARE

Dial-a-poem Switzerland
2026-03-28 - 2026-05-10
To mark the inauguration of the DIAL-A-POEM SWITZERLAND project, MAMCO, in collaboration with the Bains des Pâquis, invites you to a festive evening to discover the exhibition dedicated to the poet John Giorno and his poems by telephone.
In 1968, the American poet John Giorno (1936-2019) launched Dial-A-Poem. He integrated poetry into everyday life: it was broadcast by telephone, and performed rather than written. Almost 60 years after that first version, MAMCO, in collaboration with Giorno Poetry Systems (GPS), is organizing Dial-A-Poem Switzerland, bringing together voices from Switzerland’s different linguistic regions. Poets, writers, thinkers, theater and film personalities, lyricists: all have forged their means of expression from the word, its meaning and its sound.
The project was launched in the open air of the Bains des Pâquis, where a telephone was installed in an old telephone booth. Alongside the jetty, an exhibition on John Giorno is being held. It evokes the literary and artistic currents that ran through his career: the Beat Generation, visual poetry, the underground scene, Pop Art and the technological experimentation of the New York art scene. One of Geneva’s most popular venues thus becomes the stage for these literatures of yesterday and today, and offers as many gifts to those who pick up the phone or call the Dial-A-Poem Switzerland number.
From March 28 to May 10, daily from 8am to 8pm.

Poetic aperitif
2026-03-28 11:00 - 12:00
As part of the Festival Histoire et Cité, Philippe Constantin will give a reading of his text “Le Tarot de la Vie”, accompanied on cello by Francesco Bartoletti.

Philo aux Bains: Science, knowledge and mysteries of the animal body with Virginie Jean
2026-03-28 14:00 - 15:30 | Yurt
What if certain practices escaped the all-too-simple categories of “science” or “superstition”?
What if, between technical gesture and intuition, between accumulated experience and mystery, there were another way of inhabiting the world?
As part of the Festival Histoire et Cité, whose theme for 2026 is “Comme par magie” (As by magic), Philo aux Bains is delighted to welcome Virginie Jean, cow whisperer.
In contrast to a strictly technical vision of animal care, his work is part of an ancient tradition: that of the “rebouteux” and “rebouteuses”, who, through touch, close observation, listening to the body and empirical knowledge often transmitted outside academic frameworks, relieve, heal and rebalance.
Is it folk knowledge? An art of gesture? A form of magic?
What does it mean to “care” when you’re working with living beings, in close proximity to the body?
How can we think about these practices in a world dominated by scientific veterinary medicine? Opposition, complementarity, cohabitation?
This meeting will be an opportunity to explore the tensions – but also the possible dialogues – between rationality and belief, tradition and modernity, the visible and the invisible.
In the course of the discussion, we’ll also question our contemporary relationship with living things: what does caring for animals say about our way of being in the world? What is legitimate knowledge? Who decides what’s science and what’s folklore?
The meeting will take place at the Bains des Pâquis, on the pier, under the yurt. Free admission.

The springs of the imagination always end up forming a lake
2026-03-29 14:00 - 18:00 | On the pier
“The springs of the imagination always end up forming a lake”.
an exhibition, performances and stories to illuminate the mysterious
March 29, 2026 from 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm as part of the Festival Histoire et Cité

At the crossroads of the arts, sciences and cultural heritage, this initiative proposes to turn the territory from a mere setting into a space for shared narratives, conveying meaning, belonging and relationships. In this way, the place becomes alive, not through its materiality alone, but through the stories that run through it and the links it generates, enabling everyone to become part of it, to recognize themselves in it and to experience it. To live the territory is also to tell its story.

A proposal fromIIRRM

Since its creation, theInstitut International de Recherche sur la Radio et la Magie (IIRRM) has explored the relationship between magic, art and science, with the ambition of questioning dominant cultural narratives and renewing the ecology of the senses. The project Les sources de l’imaginaire finissent toujours par former un lac (The springs of the imaginary always end up forming a lake) is part of this line: beyond the transmission of a rich intangible heritage, it questions contemporary societal and ecological issues by reaffirming the role of the marvellous in our collective imaginations.

Program of talks and performances, from 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm:
Flash training – Guardians of Lake Geneva stories
Maryne Lanaro
Continuous 30′ storytelling on the pier
Supported by the E.S.I.M. association, this flash course is an immersion in the ecology of storytelling. At the crossroads of neuroscience, mythology and life sciences, it explores a simple yet powerful idea: when stories stop circulating, places become impoverished. Through a founding myth of Lake Geneva, collective practices and ritual gestures, participants become guardians of stories – responsible for their transmission, transformation and symbolic power. An intergenerational experience, joyful and engaging, to relearn how to listen to places and tell stories in a different way.

Introduction to the notion of wave epidermis by Jeska Kaola
Paul Courlet
Perfomance, storytelling, music 40′ around 4:00 pm
In this mini-conference, Paul Courlet immerses us in the work of Jeska Kaola, an avant-garde intuitive researcher who evoked the notions of brain waves, synchronization and trance in her 1808 essay Épidermes ondulatoires (Kaola, Jeska, Epidermes ondulatoires Édition Solaris, 1808). Disappeared from the radar and reviled by the scientific community, she was in her time a precursor of therapeutic hypnosis and anticipated the discoveries about brain function made later through brain imaging. She was also close to the famous international trader Jaklos Bariolez Igwan (1755-1816), renowned for his audacity and divinatory powers.

The lake lamp
Diederik Petters
Performance, installation, narrative 25′ continuous in the Yurt
What do luminous objects have to say when we finally give them a voice? In this sound installation, it’s light that plays the leading role: a simple electric bulb on a stand. It flickers. But even more astonishing: it speaks. Could it be that this lamp has emerged from the abyssal depths, from the compact blackness at the bottom of Lake Geneva? A ghostly lamp that seems to carry sunken stories – tales of wrecked ships, missing scenes, lives or voices that have sunk into the lake – but also, the tale of its own invention.

A MOBILE EXHIBITION WITH
MATHILDE TINTURIER, HENRY DELÉTRA HANNA, STEPHANIE PFISTER

AND A LISTENING LOUNGE WITH
ERIC DESJEUX, JEAN-BAPTISTE MOLINA, MARYNE LANARO, EVA ZORNIO, PAUL COURLET, DIEDERIK PETEERS
